Area
            Employer
            Information/Strategies
            
      	 
          
        
        
        	Area: 
            Residential Architecture
        	 
            	Sub-Area: 
            	
                	- Single Family Housing
 
                	- Multiple-Unit Residential
 
                	- Tract Homes
 
                	- Senior/Assisted Living
 
                	- Remodeling/Renovations
 
                	- Research
 
              	
             
            
           		Employers: 
                
            		- Architecture firms
 
            		- Real estate developers
 
            		- Construction firms
 
            		- Individual homeowners
 
            		- Self-employed
 
        		
             
            
            	Strategies & Information: 
                Description: Designing new homes or renovating existing ones for either single or multiple families.
          			- Shadow, volunteer, or intern in an architect's office to gain exposure to the field.
 
          			- Develop strong communication skills and patience which are important when working with individuals in designing their homes.
 
          			- Study houses and architecture styles and read books and magazines about architecture.
 
      			
 
             
            
      	 
        
        
        
        	Area: 
            Commercial/Institutional Architecture
        	 
            	Sub-Area: 
            	
                	- Private Industry including:
                		
                			- Office buildings
 
                			- Convention centers
 
                			- Medical offices
 
                			- Healthclubs
 
                			- Motels, hotels
 
                			- Casinos
 
                			- Restaurants
 
                			- Shopping centers
 
                			- Supermarkets
 
                			- Theaters
 
                			- Arenas
 
                		
                	 
                	- Public/Government including:
                		
                			- Schools, colleges, universities
 
                			- Government facilities
 
                			- Military facilities
 
                			- Libraries
 
                			- Hospitals
 
                			- Recreational facilities
 
                			- Churches
 
                			- Museums
 
                		
                	 
                
             
            
           		Employers: 
                
            		- Architecture firms
 
            		- Large corporations
 
            		- Manufacturers
 
            		- Research institutions
 
            		- Transportation companies
 
            		- Universities and colleges
 
            		- Local and state government
 
            		- Federal government agencies including:
            			
            				- Department of Defense
 
            				- Department of Interior
 
            				- Department of Housing & Urban Development
 
            				- General Services Administration
 
            			
            		 
            		- Preservation firms
 
            		- Self-employed
 
        		
             
            
            	Strategies & Information: 
                Description:  Designing office buildings, factories, laboratories, malls, schools and other commercial or government facilities.
          			- Seek part-time jobs and/or internships to gain relevant experience.
 
          			- Learn the technical side of preparing construction documents; spend time in the field to understand the mechanics of construction.
 
          			- Research the various jobs and processes that will take place in the buildings.
 
          			- Seek advanced training if specializing in a certain typology such as historic preservation and renovation or a certain type of building such as schools or hospitals.
 
          			- Get involved in leadership roles on campus; architects may serve as project leaders coordinating the work of engineers and contractors.
 
          			- Develop strong writing skills which are necessary for advancement.
 
      			
 
             
            
      	 
        
        
        
        	Area: 
            Related Professional
        	 
            	Sub-Area: 
            	
                	- Forensic Architecture
 
					- Urban Planning
 
					- Real Estate Developing
 
					- Contracting
 
					- Property Assessment
 
					- Landscape Design
 
					- Interior Design
 
					- Engineering:
						
							- Architectural
 
							- Civil
 
							- Mechanical
 
							- Structural
 
						
					 
					- Consulting
 
					- Project Management
 
					- Facilities Management
 
					- Product Development/Marketing
 
					- Law
 
					- Insurance Liability
 
					- Writing/Journalism
 
					- Set Designers
 
              	
             
            
           		Employers: 
                
            		- Federal, state, local government
 
					- Real estate firms
 
					- Developers
 
					- Contractors
 
					- Self-employed
 
					- Architecture firms
 
					- Design firms
 
					- Engineering firms
 
					- Corporate architecture departments
 
					- Law firms
 
					- Magazines, journals, publishers
 
					- Entertainment industry
 
        		
             
            
            	Strategies & Information: 
                
          			- Specialized training or advanced degrees may be required, e.g. master's in urban planning, degrees in landscape design, interior design, etc.
 
					- Learn about real estate market and local supply and demand.
 
					- A contractor's license is considered valuable for working in the design/build area of architecture.
 
					- MBA degree may open more opportunities within business and industry.
 
					- Many large corporations employ architects to serve as client representatives when working with architectural firms.
 
					- Earn JD for law practice. Experience in architecture and construction will help prepare one for contract negotiation and litigation.
 
					- Take courses in English and journalism to develop writing skills. Get involved with campus publications.
 
      			
 
             
            
      	 
        
        
        
        	Area: 
            Education
        	 
            	Sub-Area: 
            	
                	- Teaching
 
					- Research
 
					- Administration
 
					- Information/Library Science
 
					- Part-time Instruction
 
              	
             
            
           		Employers: 
                
            		- Colleges and universities
 
					- Special Collections Libraries
 
        		
             
            
            	Strategies & Information: 
                
          			- A doctoral degree in architecture is preferred and/or required for full-time professorships.
 
					- Professional experience and licensure in the field of architecture is beneficial.
 
					- Develop a working knowledge in the building design or construction industry, along with knowledge of CADD, project planning, and estimating.
 
					- Create a portfolio for faculty review.
 
      			
 
             
            
      	 
        
        
        
        	Area: 
            Historic Preservation
        	 
            	Sub-Area: 
            	
                	- Architectural History
 
					- Curating
 
					- Architectural Conservatory
 
					- Preservation
 
					- Restoration
 
					- Research
 
					- Historic Interior Design
 
              	
             
            
           		Employers: 
                
            		- Educational institutions
 
					- Private architectural firms
 
					- Government agencies
 
        		
             
            
            	Strategies & Information: 
                
          			- Get experience in the construction and contracting field.
 
					- Seek knowledge about construction of buildings during earlier periods. Gain technical experience in problems that occur with historic buildings such as complications from climatic and environmental conditions over time.
 
					- Join the National Trust for Historic Preservation.
 
      			
 
             
            
      	 
        
        
        
        	General Information and Strategies
        		
          			- To gain entry into the field of architecture, one must receive either a Bachelor or Master of Architecture from a school of architecture accredited by the National Architectural Accrediting Board, complete a full-time internship (three to five years), and pass the Architect Registration Examination.
 
          			- There are master's degree programs for students who did not major in in architecture at the undergraduate level.
 
          			- Architecture involves much more than designing buildings. Talk to architects and visit their offices to learn more about the field.
					
 - Architecture is a combination of art and science. Students of architecture must be able to conceptualize and understand spatial relations and be detail-oriented. Develop creativity, analytical skills, and a sense of quality.
 
					- Supplement curriculum with art and photography classes.
 
					- Oral and written communications skills are important, particularly when working with clients, construction crews, or government officials. Good writing skills are valuable for developing architectural proposals.
 
					- Computer Aided Design and Drafting (CADD), Building Information Modeling (BIM), and other computer technologies are prevalent in the field of architecture. Develop as many computer skills as possible.
 
					- The job market for architects, especially residential, varies with changes in economy as 	demand is often tied to level of construction.
 
					- One third of architects are self-employed as 	either partners or running their own firms.
 
					- Most architects work in firms of fewer than five people.
 
					- Related fields include: graphic, interior, or industrial  planning, real estate development, civil engineering, and construction management.
 
					- Some architects specialize in a particular building type. Graduate study in the field may be helpful for specializing. Other architects may specialize in a certain function of the firm such as project management or specification writing.
 
					- Areas of specialization include: historic preservation/renovation, healthcare facilities, sports facilities, educational facilities, master planning, and interior design.
 
					- Students should design a portfolio to use when interviewing. Include freehand drawings, final drawings by hand and computer, process sketches, photos of study models and finished models, a sample of writing, and work from technical courses.